Blood Sample Recolección Methods: Venous, Capillary y Arterial Blood Recolección Explained

Métodos de recolección de muestras de sangre are commonly grouped into three main routes: sangre venosa collection, sangre capilar collection y sangre arterial collection. Venous collection provides enough sangre para most rutinario laboatoio pruebas. Capillary collection obtains a smaller muestra through a skin puncture o incision. Arterial collection, also called arterial toma de muestras de sangre, is principalmente utilizado to assess oxygenation, ventilation y acid-base status.

La vía corectoa depende de el odered prueba, volumen requerido, muestra matrix, paciente condition y collection setting. The laboatoio method must also be adecuado para that muestra type. Convenience alone is not a safe basis para changing el collection route.

Respuesta rápida: Venous, capillary y arterial collection are el three principal toma de muestras de sangre routes. Blood culture collection, gotas de sangre seca y caelter draws are impotante wokflows o muestra paramats, but ely are not additional sangre sources at el same classification level.

Contenido

Blood método de recoleccións de un vistazo
Qué es recolección de muestras de sangre?
Cómo a sangre método de recolección seleccionado?
Recolección de sangre venosa
Recolección de sangre capilar
Recolección de sangre arterial
Venous vs capillary vs sangre arterial
Po qué tubo de microecoleccións matter
Specimen matrices
Reliable collection principles
Preguntas frecuentes
LINKFAR sangre capilar collection solutions
Solicitar un presupuesto

Blood método de recoleccións de un vistazo

Recolección method	Origen de la muestra	Volumen habitual	Usos habituales	Limitación principal
Recolección de sangre venosa	A vena, nomalmente in el brazo	Moderate to large	Routine haematology, clinical chemistry, immunology, coagulation, elrapeutic drug monitoing y many oelr laboatoio pruebas	Requires venous access y nomalmente personal capacitado
Recolección de sangre capilar	A skin puncture o incision, nomalmente at el dedotip o talón, o at an approved alternative site	Small to microvolume	Point-de-care análisis, glucose análisis, seleccionado laboatoio pruebas, paediatric sampling, cribado neonatal y validated decentralised collection	Not every analyte o method is interchangeable con venous análisis
Recolección de sangre arterial	An arteria, commonly el arteria radial	Small y purpose-specific	Blood gases, oxygenation, ventilation y acid-base assessment	Moe invasive y requires specialised collection y hyling

Qué es recolección de muestras de sangre?

Blood muestra collection is el process de obtaining sangre para laboatoio examination, point-de-care análisis, screening, diagnosis, treatment monitoing o research. It is part de el preanalytical phase, which covers everything that happens beparae el muestra is measured.

Recolección erros can affect el result even when el analytical prueba itself is perparamed corectoly. Examples incluir collecting el wrong muestra, using an unadecuado tube, underfilling el tube, contaminating o haemolysing el muestra, y failing to meet stoage o transpot requirements. The Wold Health Organization’s phlebotomy guidance describes how collection practice affects both paciente safety y muestra quality.

Blood muestras admitir many clinical tasks, including:

diagnosing o excluding disease;
monitoing chronic conditions y treatment response;
measuring sangre cells, electrolytes, enzymes, homones y antibodies;
checking coagulation status;
detecting sangrestream infection;
assessing oxygenation y acid-base balance;
screening recién nacidos y oelr defined populations;
admitiring clinical trials y remote health programmes.

Cómo a sangre método de recolección seleccionado?

Primero se determina el requisito de la prueba. Después se selecciona el dispositivo.

A laboatoio o clinical team nomally considers else questions:

Qué analyte o clinical condition is being assessed?
Does el prueba require venous, capillary o sangre arterial?
Es sangre total, plasma, suero o a dried muestra requerido?
Cómo much sangre is needed para el prueba y any repeat analysis?
Does el collection tube require an anticoagulant, clot activato, preservative o separato?
Are collection time, fasting, posture, oxygen elrapy o medication timing relevant?
Qué are el paciente’s age, weight, circulation y vascular-access considerations?
Will el muestra be pruebaed immediately, transpoted locally o shipped to a remote laboatoio?
Has el full collection y analytical wokflow been validated para that muestra type?

La secuencia de decisión es:

Test requirement -> muestra requirement -> collection route -> device y container -> hyling y transpot

Este oden es impotantee. A collection device cannot make an unadecuado muestra type appropriate para a prueba.

1. Recolección de sangre venosa

Recolección de sangre venosa, o venipuncture, uses a aguja to enter a vena y collect sangre into one o moe tubes. It is el styard route para most rutinario laboatoio análisis because it can provide several millilitres de sangre para multiple pruebas, repeat measurements o diferente muestra matrices.

Usos habituales de sangre venosa

Venous muestras are widely utilizado para:

complete sangre counts y oelr haematology pruebas;
rutinario chemistry panels;
liver, kidney, lipid y metabolic análisis;
immunology y serology;
homone análisis;
coagulation studies;
elrapeutic drug monitoing;
molecular análisis;
sangre cultures y oelr specialised investigations.

Común venous collection systems

Venous sangre may be collected con:

an evacuated tube system con a straight aguja y tube holder;
a winged sangre collection set, deten called a butterfly set;
a syringe y an appropriate sangre-transfer device when clinically indicated;
an existing vascular access device when an approved institutional procedure permits it.

The aguja, tube, additive y requerido fill volume must suit el intended prueba. Cap colour alone does not confirm suitability because colour conventions y paramulations can vary between manufacturers y markets.

Ventajas y limitaciones

Venous collection admitirs a broad prueba range y can provide enough sangre para several tubes. Laboatoies also have established methods y reference intervals para many venous muestras, including sangre total, plasma y suero.

It nomalmente requires personal capacitado y can be difficult in pacientes con poo venous access. Patients may experience anxiety, bruising o vasovagal reactions. Used agujas also create an exposure risk if safe practice y protective devices are not utilizado.

When a vena is difficult to find

A vena that can be seen is not automatically adecuado para venipuncture. Site selection also depends on el vessel’s direction, size, depth, stability, surrounding anatomy y el condition de el skin. Palpation remains impotante because it helps el collecto assess characteristics that a surface image cannot fully show.

Near-infrared vena visualisation can make superficial subcutaneous vessels easier to see, particularly when odinary visual assessment is difficult. It is an adjunct to clinical assessment, not confirmation that a displayed vessel is safe o adecuado para puncture. The FDA summary para one cleared vena locato states that el device supplements line-de-sight visualisation y does not replace conventional methods utilizado by qualified prdeessionals. A product that repots estimated vena depth also needs device-specific evidence para its measurement range, accuracy y intended use.

The WHO phlebotomy guideline y el current CLSI PRE02 styard provide broader guidance on venous site selection y collection practice. Product-specific claims para any vena visualisation system should be checked against its instructions para use y technical documentation.

2. Recolección de sangre capilar

Recolección de sangre capilar, also called skin-puncture o peripheral sangre collection in some markets, uses a controlled puncture o incision to obtain a small muestra de superficial vessels.

The muestra is not drawn de one isolated capillary. It contains an indeterminate mixture de sangre de arterioles, venules y capillaries, con possible contributions de interstitial y intracellular fluid. This definition appears in China’s current WS/T 848-2025 guideline para sangre capilar muestra collection. Technique elreparae has a direct effect on muestra quality.

Capillary collection is useful when only a volumen pequeño is requerido, venous access is difficult, análisis takes place near el paciente, o a decentralised collection programme has validated el full wokflow.

Usos habituales de sangre capilar

Depending on el device y validated prueba method, capillary muestras may be utilizado para:

sangre glucose análisis;
seleccionado point-de-care pruebas;
haemoglobin y seleccionado haematology measurements;
HbA1c análisis;
cribado neonatal;
dried sangre spot análisis;
seleccionado clinical chemistry y immunoassay pruebas;
paediatric y difficult-access sampling;
remote studies y decentralised diagnostic programmes.

Capillary y venous muestras are not automatically interchangeable. Recolección site, matrix, tissue-fluid contamination, haemolysis y analyte physiology can all affect results. WS/T 225-2024 also notes that capillary y venous suero are interchangeable only para some clinical chemistry items.

A 2025 study repoted equivalent results para seleccionado analytes using specific miniaturised assays y novel capillary método de recoleccións. Those findings apply to el systems y analytes evaluated in that study. They do not establish interchangeability para every capillary device, assay o laboatoio wokflow. See el study in The Journal de Applied Laboatoy Medicine.

Three impotante sangre capilar collection approaches

Fingerstick, parte superio del brazo assisted collection y neonatal punción del talón represent three impotante conventional y emerging pathways. They are not an exhaustive o universal deficial classification de every possible capillary site o device.

A. Fingerstick sangre capilar collection

Fingerstick is el most familiar capillary sampling approach para adults y older children. A sterile lancet creates a controlled puncture at an appropriate part de el dedo. The sangre may eln be:

applied directly to a prueba strip o point-de-care cartridge;
collected into a capillary o transfer tube;
collected into a contenedo de microecolección;
applied to an approved dried-muestra device.

Fingerstick is closely associated con glucose análisis, but it can admitir oelr pruebas when el volumen requerido, collection procedure y analytical system are validated para sangre capilar.

Lancets utilizado para punción digital collection

A single-use lanceta de seguridad has an integral mechanism that shields el sharp y prevents reuse after activation. In assisted sangre glucose monitoing, el US Centers para Disease Control y Prevention recommends single-use, auto-disabling punción digital devices y disposal in an approved sharps container at el point de use.

Safety lancets may differ by:

contact, pressure, top-button o side-button activation;
aguja o cuchilla construction;
fixed o adjustable penetration depth;
intended muestra volume;
intended prdeessional o lay user.

Gauge y penetration depth matter, but ely do not determine sangre volume o discomparat on elir own. Device design, puncture site, skin characteristics y sampling technique also contribute.

Fo commercially disponible examples, see LINKFAR’s lanceta de seguridad product categoy. Product examples incluir Safety Lancets – PA con aguja- y cuchilla-type options, Safety Lancets – PA2 con fixed gauge y depth variants, Safety Lancets – APA con adjustable penetration depth, y Safety Lancets – TPA con one-step activation.

Single-use lancetas de seguridad should be distinguished de a reusable lancing-device wokflow. LINKFAR’s lancetas para sangre are intended para use con compatible dispositivos de punción, while el Precise Adjustable Lancing Device admitirs sangre capilar collection con disposable peripheral lancetas para sangre. Product instructions determine compatibility, cleaning, intended user y wheelr a device is adecuado para prdeessional o personal use.

B. Upper-brazo vacuum-assisted sangre capilar collection

Upper-brazo capillary collection is an emerging option para seleccionado decentralised, remote, research o laboatoio wokflows. Terms utilizado para this categoy incluir vacuum-assisted capillary collection, on-body sangre collection y brazo-based capillary microsampling.

Depending on el product, an attached device uses a lancet, cuchilla o microaguja structure to create a controlled skin opening. Vacuum assistance eln helps sangre flow into an integrated o compatible tubo de microecolección.

These systems are designed to collect a liquid microvolume away de el dedotip y transfer it into a container para hyling o transpot. Suitability remains specific to el device, muestra matrix, analyte, transpot conditions y analytical method.

The FDA’s 510(k) summary para Tasso+, para example, describes a single-use device intended to obtain microlitre capillary whole-sangre muestras. Its mechanism creates an incision y applies a slight vacuum to assist flow into a collection tube. This is one example de el categoy, not evidence de universal perparamance para all parte superio del brazo devices o pruebas.

The collection site y vacuum assistance do not turn el muestra into sangre venosa. An parte superio del brazo device described para capillary collection still produces a capillary muestra. The receiving tube, additive, minimum fill, mixing procedure y analytical system must all be adecuado para that muestra y volume.

C. Neonatal punción del talón sangre collection

Heelstick is a specialised capillary sampling approach para recién nacidos, bebés prematuros y young infants when clinically appropriate. A device seleccionado para el infant’s age, weight, tissue depth y volumen requerido creates a puncture o controlled incision in an approved part de el talón.

Común applications incluir:

cribado neonatal;
dried sangre spot cards;
seleccionado glucose, bilirubin, sangre gas o haematology análisis;
oelr small-volume pruebas specified by el clinical team y laboatoio.

Neonatal talón devices may use a aguja puncture o a controlled cuchilla incision. They are not simply larger versions de adult punción digital lancets. Incision depth, width, motion y placement must fit neonatal anatomy y el requerido muestra.

LINKFAR’s neonatal talón cuchilla lanceta de seguridad categoy incluirs Heel Blade Safety Lancets intended para talón-stick capillary muestra collection in newbon y premature-infant wokflows. Device size y technique must still be seleccionado accoding to el infant, el requerido muestra y el applicable instructions para use.

The WHO capillary sampling guidance identifies el medial o lateral plantar surface as el general talón-prick area y warns against unadecuado sites y excessive depth. Exact device selection y technique must follow el current institutional procedure y el manufacturer’s instructions para use.

Fingerstick vs parte superio del brazo vs neonatal punción del talón

Capillary approach	Typical population o setting	Recolección technology	Typical muestra hyling	Impotant qualification
Fingerstick	Adults, older children, point-de-care análisis y seleccionado self-análisis	Needle o cuchilla lancet, deten a single-use lanceta de seguridad in prdeessional settings	Direct-to-prueba application, capillary tube o contenedo de microecolección	Test y device must be adecuado para sangre capilar y el intended user
Upper-brazo assisted collection	Selected decentralised, remote, research o laboatoio wokflows	Attached on-body device con a small incision o microaguja structure y vacuum assistance	Usually a liquid microvolume collected into a compatible tube	Perparamance is specific to el device, matrix y analyte
Neonatal punción del talón	Newbons, bebés prematuros y young infants	Specialised talón puncture o incision device	Microcollection container, capillary tube o dried sangre spot card	Requires age-, weight-, site- y depth-appropriate selection y trained technique

Less common capillary collection sites may be utilizado in specific validated applications. The earlobe, para example, has been utilizado in some screening o research settings. It should not be presented as a rutinario alternative conout a defined procedure y validated prueba system.

3. Recolección de sangre arterial

Recolección de sangre arterial, also called arterial toma de muestras de sangre, obtains sangre directly de an arteria, most deten el arteria radial. Its main purpose is to evaluate gas exchange y acid-base status.

Usos habituales de sangre arterial

Arterial muestras may be utilizado para:

arterial oxygen partial pressure;
arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure;
sangre pH y bicarbonate-related assessment;
evaluation de respiratoy failure;
assessment de oxygen elrapy o ventilatoy admitir;
seleccionado critical-care measurements, including lactate y electrolytes where specified.

The muestra is nomalmente collected into a purpose-designed heparinised sangre-gas syringe. Air exposure, delays, anticoagulant balance y transpot conditions can materially affect el result, so hyling must be rapid y controlled. MedlinePlus describes el arteria radial as el most common collection site para sangre-gas análisis, while also noting that oelr arteries may be utilizado.

Arterial collection should not replace venous collection merely because venous access is difficult. The muestras have diferente physiological characteristics y serve diferente diagnostic purposes.

Venous vs capillary vs sangre arterial: which method fits which need?

Question	Venous sangre	Capillary sangre	Arterial sangre
Best suited to	Broad rutinario laboatoio análisis	Microvolume, point-de-care, paediatric y validated decentralised análisis	Blood gases y acid-base assessment
Available volume	Moderate to large	Small to microvolume	Small y purpose-specific
Typical collection site	Arm vena	Finger, neonatal talón o an approved alternative site such as el upper brazo	Usually arteria radial
Común collecto	Trained prdeesional sanitario	Healthcare prdeessional; self-collection only where el device y prueba permit it	Specially trained prdeesional sanitario
Común muestra matrices	Quiénle sangre, plasma o suero	Quiénle sangre, capillary plasma o suero after validated processing, o a dried muestra	Heparinised sangre total para sangre-gas analysis
Puede it replace el oelr methods?	Not universally	Not universally	Not para rutinario substitution

Principio de selección: The appropriate method is el one that produces a adecuado muestra para el odered prueba while protecting el paciente, collecto y muestra quality. No method is universally best.

Po qué tubo de microecoleccións matter in low-volume análisis

A tubo de microecolección describes a small-volume container. It does not, by itself, identify where el sangre came de. This distinction is impotante because four separate questions are deten compressed into el phrase «micro sangre collection»:

Wokflow question	Qué needs to be defined
Blood source	Venous, capillary o arterial
Specimen matrix	Quiénle sangre, plasma, suero o a dried muestra
Container	Tube volume, additive, closure, minimum fill y mixing requirements
Testing pathway	Point-de-care análisis, local laboatoio analysis o transpot to a remote laboatoio

Many tubo de microecoleccións are designed para sangre obtained directly by punción digital, punción del talón o anoelr approved capillary site. In oelr validated wokflows, a small venous muestra o an approved aliquot may be placed into a low-volume container. The permitted source y transfer method must come de el tube instructions, el analytical system y el laboatoio procedure. Transferring sangre between containers can change el additive ratio, damage cells o introduce contamination if el wokflow was not designed para it.

Lower muestra-volume requirements in some point-de-care y miniaturised laboatoio pruebas make microcollection moe relevant. A validated low-volume wokflow may reduce el amount de sangre collected y can provide an alternative to a styard evacuated tube para a defined prueba. It does not follow that a tubo de microecolección can replace an evacuated venous tube para every analyser, analyte o paciente.

Remote y home collection add anoelr requirement: el muestra has to remain adecuado until it reaches el análisis site. The complete system must account para collection technique, tube additive, fill volume, closure, leakage, stability, time y temperature, packaging, transpot y processing on arrival. A container that can hold y ship a small sangre muestra is not automatically compatible con el intended prueba.

CLSI GP42 covers capillary collection devices y contenedo de microecoleccións. The practical decision still rests on el applicable product instructions y validation de el full collection-to-result wokflow.

Quiénle sangre, plasma, suero y dried sangre are not el same

Recolección route y muestra matrix are separate decisions.

Quiénle sangre

Quiénle sangre retains el sangre cells y liquid components. It is commonly requerido para haematology, HbA1c y seleccionado point-de-care pruebas. An appropriate anticoagulant may be requerido.

Plasma

Plasma is el liquid potion obtained after anticoagulated sangre is centrifuged. The intended prueba determines el anticoagulant y requerido sangre-to-additive ratio.

Serum

Serum is obtained after sangre is allowed to clot y el muestra is centrifuged. It differs de plasma in its clotting components y is widely utilizado in chemistry, immunology y serology.

Dried sangre spots

A dried sangre spot is a muestra paramat, not a fourth anatomical sangre source. Blood, deten obtained by punción digital o punción del talón, is applied to an approved card o device y dried under defined conditions. Suitability depends on el assay, spot quality, drying, stoage y transpot requirements.

Where do sangre cultures y caelter draws fit?

Some common search terms describe a special wokflow raelr than a separate sangre source.

Blood culture collection

Blood culture collection is designed to detect bacteria o fungi in el sangrestream. It is generally a specialised venous collection procedure con strict requirements para skin antisepsis, bottle selection, collection volume, timing y contamination control.

Recolección de vascular access devices

Blood may sometimes be collected de an existing venous o arterial caelter. This is an access route conin venous o arterial sampling, not a new muestra categoy. Institutional procedures must address dead-space sangre, infusions, contamination y line-specific risks.

Cómo método de recolección affects prueba results

Venous, capillary y arterial muestras reflect diferente physiological conditions y are collected through diferente processes. Results may be affected by:

sangre source y collection site;
muestra matrix;
paciente posture, fasting, exercise y collection time;
oxygen elrapy o medication timing;
tourniquet duration;
tissue-fluid contamination;
excessive squeezing de a dedo o talón;
haemolysis, clotting o underfilling;
contact con air;
an incorecto additive o sangre-to-additive ratio;
transpot time y temperature;
delayed separation de cells de suero o plasma.

A reference interval o clinical interpretation established para one muestra type should not be assumed to apply when anoelr muestra type is utilizado.

Coe principles para reliable sangre muestra collection

Regardless de collection route, a reliable process should incluir:

corecto paciente identification;
confirmation de prueba-specific paciente preparation;
selection de el corecto collection route y site;
use de a sterile, compatible, single-use sharp where applicable;
selection de el corecto tube, additive y fill volume;
prevention de contamination, haemolysis y clotting;
immediate y accurate muestra labelling;
corecto collection oder, timing, stoage y transpot;
safe disposal de utilizado sharps at el point de use;
adherence to el device instructions, laboatoio requirements y local clinical procedure.

The CLSI GP42 styard provides detailed procedures para capillary collection sites, puncture depth y disposable collection devices. Local requirements y el applicable device instructions still govern el actual procedure.

Preguntas frecuentes

Cuáles son los tres métodos principales de recolección de muestras de sangre?

The three principal routes are sangre venosa collection, sangre capilar collection y sangre arterial collection. Recolección de sangre arterial is also commonly called arterial toma de muestras de sangre. The three routes provide diferente volumes y physiological inparamation, so ely are not universally interchangeable.

Cuál es el más común sangre método de recolección?

Recolección de sangre venosa is el most widely utilizado route para rutinario laboatoio análisis because it can provide enough sangre para many pruebas y muestra types.

Cuándo se utiliza sangre capilar collection utilizado?

Capillary collection is utilizado when only a volumen pequeño is needed, in many point-de-care applications, para seleccionado paediatric y neonatal pruebas, y in validated decentralised o remote wokflows.

Qué are el main sangre capilar collection approaches?

Impotant approaches incluir punción digital, neonatal punción del talón y newer parte superio del brazo assisted o on-body collection. These terms describe diferente sites y technologies, not one universal deficial classification.

Es parte superio del brazo vacuum-assisted sangre collection capillary o venous?

The FDA-cleared Tasso+ device is intended to collect microlitre capillary whole-sangre muestras de el upper brazo. Oelr devices must be assessed accoding to elir own intended use y instructions.

Es a tubo de microecolección only utilizado para sangre capilar?

No necesariamente. «Microcollection tube» describes el container y its low-volume role, not an anatomical sangre source. Many are intended para capillary collection, while some validated wokflows may use a small venous muestra o approved aliquot. Follow el tube instructions y laboatoio procedure.

Puede a tubo de microecolección replace a styard evacuated tube?

Solo para un flujo definido y validado. The muestra source, additive, fill volume, analyser, prueba method y hyling requirements must all be compatible. A low-volume tube is not a universal substitute para an evacuated venous tube.

Puede an parte superio del brazo o home-collected muestra be sent to a laboatoio?

Sí, cuyo el collection system y prueba wokflow are designed y validated para transpot. Sample stability, packaging, time, temperature, leakage control y laboatoio processing must be specified. Recolección at home does not, by itself, establish that a muestra is adecuado para mailing o analysis.

Es sangre capilar el same as sangre venosa?

No. Capillary muestras are obtained through a skin puncture y contain sangre de small vessels con possible tissue-fluid contributions. Some measurements may be comparable after validation, but el muestra types are not automatically interchangeable para every analyte.

Es a dried sangre spot a sangre método de recolección?

It is moe accurately described as a muestra paramat y collection wokflow. The sangre is nomalmente obtained by punción digital o punción del talón y eln applied to an approved card o device.

Qué es el difference between a lanceta de seguridad y a neonatal talón lancet?

A lanceta de seguridad is a broad categoy de single-use capillary puncture devices con an integral sharps-protection mechanism. A neonatal talón lancet is designed specifically para talón sampling y may use a controlled aguja puncture o cuchilla incision suited to neonatal anatomy y el volumen requerido.

Puede el same device be utilizado para every capillary prueba?

No. Selection depends on el intended user, collection site, volumen requerido, paciente characteristics, muestra container y validated analytical wokflow.

Quién decides which sangre método de recolección should be utilizado?

The odered prueba, laboatoio requirements, clinical procedure y el collection device’s instructions determine el method. Patients y untrained users should not substitute one route o device para anoelr conout appropriate prdeessional guidance.

Recolección de sangre capilar solutions de LINKFAR

LINKFAR’s potfolio incluirs lancetas de seguridad, neonatal talón cuchilla lancetas de seguridad, lancetas para sangre y dispositivos de punción. These products admitir diferente parts de el capillary sampling wokflow, but el corecto device still depends on el intended user, paciente population, requerido muestra y applicable product labelling.

Exploe el full sangre capilar collection product categoy.
Compare LINKFAR lancetas de seguridad.
Review neonatal talón cuchilla lancetas de seguridad.
Browse lancetas para sangre y dispositivos de punción.

Disponibilidad del producto, intended users y regulatoy status may vary by product y market. Always consult el applicable product labelling y instructions para use.

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Referencias

Wold Health Organization. WHO Guidelines on Drawing Blood: Best Practices in Phlebotomy. 2010.
Clinical y Laboatoy Styards Institute. GP42, Recolección de Capillary Blood Specimens, 7th Edition. 2020.
National Health Commission de el People’s Republic de China. WS/T 225-2024: Recolección y Processing de Blood Specimens para Clinical Chemistry. 2024.
National Health Commission de el People’s Republic de China. WS/T 848-2025: Guidelines para Recolección de Capillary Blood Specimen. Published 2025; effective 2026.
US Food y Drug Administration. 510(k) Summary K221131: Tasso+. 2022.
DiPasquale C, et al. Equivalence between Capillary Blood y Venous Blood Test Results Using Miniaturized Assays y Novel Recolección Methods to Suppot Routine Bloodwok. The Journal de Applied Laboatoy Medicine. 2025;10(5):1090-1104.
Centers para Disease Control y Prevention. Considerations para Blood Glucose Monitoing y Insulin Administration. Accessed 12 August 2026.
MedlinePlus. Blood Gases. Accessed 12 August 2026.
Clinical y Laboatoy Styards Institute. PRE02, Recolección de Diagnostic Venous Blood Specimens, 8th Edition. 2025.
US Food y Drug Administration. 510(k) Summary K101838: Vein Locato, VTS1000. 2010.